10000age 玻尿酸(005a)
玻尿酸（HA）
玻尿酸又稱為透明質酸（Hyaluronic acid）是一種大分子粘多醣（Biopolysaccharide）
於1943年由Meyer以及Palmer由牛水晶體中所萃取發現
廣泛存在於動物組織細胞間質，其分布在身體的皮膚真皮、玻璃體、軟骨、關節液、血管、細胞外間質、皮膚、臍帶、硬骨組織中
人體含有的「玻尿酸」加起來不超過15g，每人每日流失量約5g(流失1/3)
於1943年由Meyer以及Palmer由牛水晶體中所萃取發現
廣泛存在於動物組織細胞間質，其分布在身體的皮膚真皮、玻璃體、軟骨、關節液、血管、細胞外間質、皮膚、臍帶、硬骨組織中
人體含有的「玻尿酸」加起來不超過15g，每人每日流失量約5g(流失1/3)
玻尿酸在體內的分佈
台灣 台中榮總 口服玻尿酸之研究
以口服single dose的方式投與裸鼠，結果顯示玻尿酸在八小時之後就被傳送到全身，主要分布於皮膚當中，睪丸、關節，並可在體內持續72小時以上。細胞實驗的結果，玻尿酸的濃度越高，細胞分化，進行吞噬作用、釋放發炎反應激素的效用也越大。顯示玻尿酸具有活化免疫系統的功能。玻尿酸以口服方式確實可被哺乳類吸收，再分布於特定部位發揮其功能。細胞實驗證實小分子玻尿酸可以調控免疫系統的活性
口服玻尿酸的吸收實驗
在口服30分鐘後，即可在血液中偵測到
(FASEB, 2004). A. G. Schauss, L. G. Balogh, A. G. Polyak, D. G. Mathe, R. G. Kiraly and G. G. Janoki American Institute for Biosocial and Medical Research, Inc and National Institute for Health.
該報告證明口服玻尿酸可以順利被哺乳類吸收，堆積於血液，肌肉，硬骨組織，排出體外者僅小於5%
This study examined the absorption, excretion and distribution of radiolabeled hyaluronan (HA) after a single oral administration in Wistar rats and Beagle dogs.
Less than 5% of the radioactivity appeared in feces after 72 hours in rats. Radioactivity was seen in blood, muscles, salivary glands and bone as early as 30 minutes, and peaked 4-6 hours in all non-alimentary tissues examined after oral administration. There were transient increases in radioactivity in shoulder joints and vertebrae 4 hours after oral administration of HA in both rats and Beagle dogs. Residence time (t) in Beagle blood was 0.0134 hours. These results demonstrate that HA is absorbed and distributed to organs and joints after a single oral administration.
掃描顯示口服 48小時後玻尿酸(99mTc hyaluronan)分布各個關節(Joint)組織中
J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 56, No. 22, 2008
Radioactivity was seen in cartilage on the end of the femur, over bones and joints, and in skin. Radioactivity was also seen in surrounding muscle tissue. Transverse images through synovial spaces of six different joints (tarsal, knee, hip, carpal, elbow andshoulder) showed that radioactivity was seen in synovial fluid,cartilage and bone.
玻尿酸的醫療用途
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